Date: 2011-06-16 07:23 pm (UTC)
With the Reform, calling the house of worship a "Temple" has to do with their religious position that the Temple in J'lem will not be rebuilt. Thus, since there can be no Temple in J'lem, its function is replaced by synagogues. But I know many Conservative Jews who refer to "going to temple", or have synagogues called Temple Something. Some may have started out Reform and later switched affiliation to Conservative, I suppose.

Synagogue is pretty much a straight Greek translation of "beit haknesset", house of gathering. Schule is German for school (in Hebrew "Beit midrash" - house of explanation (of the Torah)). Synagogues often double as places of religious education, so either term fits.

Shtibl - little room - is another word, usually describing a chasidic synagogue in a house, rather than in a dedicated building.
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